Pharmacology
1. ___ of admissions to hospital may be due to ADRs

16%
1%
6%
60%
36%

2. Which would be the most appropriate antibiotic for an 80 year old man with a history of pulmonary emboli on warfarin presents with a chest infection. He is allergic to Penicillin.

Ciprofloxacin
Erythromycin
Amoxicillin
Doxycycline

3. Which of these can be found in higher concentrations in the urine than in the plasma?

D) A & B
A) codeine
C) aminoglycosides
E) B & C
B) digoxin

4. The therapeutic usefulness of a drug, expressed as a ratio of the maximum nontoxic dose and the minimum effective dose of the drug.

therapeutic dose
therapeutic ratio
therapeutic index
therapeutic dilemma
therapeutic curve

5. A phenomenon of drug metabolism whereby the concentration of a drug is greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation.

primate metabolism
primary metabolism
primeal metabolism
first pass metabolism
underpass metabolism

6. Bradycardia due to a beta blocker, Hypotension due to an ACE inhibitor OR Hyponatraemia due to a diuretic are _________ effects

bizzare
predictable
chronic
delayed
end of treatment

7. Ramipril is a(n)

diuretic
B2 agonist
sedative
ACE inhibtor
beta blocker

8. To be excreted from the system, _________ drugs need to be made water soluble. ________ is oxidation/reduction/hydrolysis, _________ is conjugation with glucuronide/sulphate

lipophilic, Phase I, Phase II
hydrophilic, Phase I, Phase II
lipophobic, Phase II, Phase I
lipolytic, Phase I, Phase II
lipophilic, Phase II, Phase I

9. Which of these drugs has a relatively wide therapeutic index?

Phenytoin
Theophylline
Warfarin
Lamotrigine
Digoxin

10. The interaction of drugs with cells. It includes such factors as the binding of drugs to cells, their uptake, and intracellular metabolism. Put simply, "what a drug does to the body".

pharmacodynamics
pharmacokinetics
pharmacology
pharmaceuticals
pharmacy

11. Drug metabolism takes place in the liver via a series of enzymatic processes. The most important of these is the

P45 system
CYP45 system
P450 system
P540 system
CYP504 system

12. __________ drugs are distributed around the whole body, whereas __________ drugs stay in the plasma

lipophilic, hydrophilic
lipophobic, hydrophobic
lipophilic, hydrophobic
lipophillus, hydrophillus
lipophobic, hydrophilic

13. Which of these drugs is metabolised to active components prior to renal excretion?

B) digoxin
C) aminoglycosides
D) A & B
E) B & C
A) opioids

14. Atenolol is a(n)

B2 agonist
beta blocker
diuretic
ACE inhibtor
sedative

15. An example of a drug that works via enzymes

Derivative
Agonist
ACE inhibitor
Homologue
Antagonist

16. Secondary cancers in those treated with alkylating agents are example of ___________ effects

predictable
bizzare
delayed
end of treatment
chronic

17. Salbutamol is a(n)

Antagonist
Derivative
Agonist
Homologue
ACE inhibitor

18. Cushing's syndrome due to steroids, Gum hypertrophy due to phenytoin, and Dystonias due to L Dopa medications are _________ effects

predictable
bizzare
chronic
end of treatment
delayed

19. The study of how drugs are handled within the body, including their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Concerned with how drug concentrations in the body changes with time, how drugs pass across cell membranes, how often they should be given, what the effect of long‐term administration may be, how drugs interact with each other, and how individual variations affect all these things. Put simply "what the body does to a drug"

pharmacodynamics
pharmacokinetics
pharmacology
pharmaceuticals
pharmacy

20. Which of the following is an INHIBITOR of the P450 system?

Barbecued meat
Rifampicin
St John's Wort
Grapefruit juice
Chronic alcohol intake

21. A 60 yr old epileptic alcoholic smoker on carbemazepine is admitted to hospital with an exacerbation of COPD, for which he is given steroids, nebulisers and erythromycin. Would you expect:

more fits
a swift recovery
nausea and ataxia

22. Atenolol is a(n)

Agonist
Derivative
Antagonist
Homologue
ACE inhibitor

23. Opiate or benzodizepine withdrawal, Serotonin syndrome or Addisonian crisis on stopping long-term steroids are examples of _____ effects

chronic
predictable
delayed
end of treatment
bizzare

24. Bendroflumethiazide is a(n)

diuretic
anti-emetic
antipsychotic
anti-diabetic
sedative

25. the time taken for the plasma concentration of a drug to decrease to 50% of the original value

elimination fraction
excretion ratio
half life
half time

26. Which of the following is an INDUCER of the P450 system?

Miconazole
Sodium Valproate
Grapefruit juice
Carbamazepine
Cranberry juice

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